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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affects millions worldwide, with war survivors being among the most vulnerable. Researchers from SWPS University and the University of Warsaw emphasize the urgent need for prevention and evidence-based treatment to mitigate the severe consequences of traumatic experiences.
The Widespread Impact of PTSD
PTSD affects approximately 10% of road accident survivors and up to 50% of those who have experienced war, sexual violence, or other forms of trauma. This condition significantly reduces quality of life and increases healthcare costs, making effective intervention crucial.
Among the most vulnerable groups are refugees. Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, millions of Ukrainians fled their homeland. Many of these individuals endured war-related trauma, experiencing violence and life-threatening situations. Studies indicate that war doubles the incidence of PTSD among affected populations, with symptoms persisting long after hostilities end.
Recognizing PTSD Symptoms
Symptoms of PTSD include recurrent memories, flashbacks, heightened stress response, sleep disturbances, irritability, and avoidance of trauma-related triggers. Unfortunately, many affected individuals struggle to seek help, as the condition often leads to avoidance behaviors that delay diagnosis and treatment.
While some individuals recover naturally over time, others experience worsening symptoms. In such cases, professional diagnosis and scientifically validated treatments are essential.
Evidence-Based Treatment Approaches
PTSD treatment typically involves pharmacotherapy and/or psychotherapy. While primary care physicians can prescribe medication, complex cases often require psychiatric consultation. Psychotherapy, particularly trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), has been identified as the most effective intervention. Leading organizations, including the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), the American Psychological Association (APA), and the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS), recommend TF-CBT as the primary treatment for PTSD.
Research spanning the last five decades has helped differentiate effective therapies from unproven or even harmful ones. Given the vast range of treatment options available, mental health professionals must rely on scientific evidence when determining the best course of therapy.
PTSD in Uniformed Services and Healthcare Workers
Professionals exposed to traumatic events in their line of work, such as military personnel and healthcare workers, require special attention. Despite the well-known adage “prevention is better than cure,” research on PTSD prevention remains limited. One notable initiative is Poland’s “Effective Performance Under Stress” program, which focuses on PTSD prevention for individuals exposed to occupational trauma.
Untreated PTSD not only affects individuals but also has broader societal consequences. Researchers emphasize the importance of strategic post-war planning to support trauma victims in rebuilding their lives. By adhering to evidence-based treatment guidelines, healthcare providers can optimize recovery and minimize long-term psychological distress.
Disclaimer: This article is based on research findings and expert opinions. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Individuals experiencing PTSD symptoms should seek help from qualified mental health professionals.
