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NEW DELHI – A large-scale study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that adopting a vegetarian diet could significantly lower the risk of developing certain cancers, in some cases by nearly half. The findings add to a growing body of evidence supporting the health benefits of plant-based eating.
The research, led by epidemiologist Gary Fraser of Loma Linda University, analyzed medical records from nearly 80,000 Seventh-day Adventists in the U.S. and Canada. The study, which followed participants for over a decade, found that vegetarians had a 12% lower overall risk of developing cancer compared to their non-vegetarian counterparts.
The most striking findings were related to specific types of cancer. According to the study, vegetarians were found to be 45% less likely to develop stomach cancer and 25% less likely to be diagnosed with lymphomas. The study’s authors note that the protective effects were most pronounced in the gastrointestinal system, which has direct contact with food and its breakdown products.
The study also found that vegans, who exclude all animal products from their diet, had an even greater reduction in overall cancer risk, with a 24% lower chance of developing the disease. This was particularly true for younger vegans, who showed a 43% lower risk of prostate cancer and a 31% lower risk of breast cancer.
“This is all relatively unique information and possibly the most robust that’s out there concerning cancers such as stomach and lymphoma,” said lead author Gary Fraser.
Researchers emphasize that while the study shows a strong association, it does not prove causation. It’s possible that individuals who choose a vegetarian diet also adopt other healthy lifestyle habits, such as exercising more, which could contribute to the reduced risk. The study also highlighted that a balanced vegetarian diet is crucial to avoid potential nutrient deficiencies.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. The information is based on an observational study and does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship. It is crucial to consult a healthcare professional or a registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet, especially if you have an existing health condition.
Reference:
Fraser, G. E., Butler, F. M., Shavlik, D. J., et al. (2025). Longitudinal associations between vegetarian dietary habits and site-specific cancers in the Adventist Health Study-2 North American cohort. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 122(2), 535-543. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.06.006
