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Sexual violence remains a pressing issue in Australia, with an estimated one in five women and one in 16 men experiencing sexual assault. Despite the prevalence of such cases, only a small fraction—less than 10% of Australian women—report these incidents to the police. While there is no legal time limit for reporting sexual assault, the collection of forensic evidence is time-sensitive and plays a crucial role in investigations.
The Role of Medical Forensic Examiners
Medical forensic examiners play a vital role in supporting victim-survivors of sexual assault. Their work involves conducting forensic examinations, collecting evidence, and ensuring medical and psychological support is available. There are approximately 100 sexual assault services across Australia offering 24-hour care. However, challenges remain in regional and rural areas due to staff shortages and long travel distances.
What to Expect During a Medical Forensic Examination
A forensic examination typically takes place in a hospital emergency department with a designated forensic suite or a specialized forensic service. Victim-survivors are attended to by trained medical professionals, and a counselor or crisis worker is present to provide emotional support. A support person chosen by the victim-survivor may also accompany them.
The examination includes taking a medical history, assessing for injuries, and collecting forensic samples. Samples may be tested for the perpetrator’s DNA or substances such as alcohol and drugs. The timeframe for collecting these samples ranges from 12 hours to up to seven days, depending on the nature of the assault.
Medical Care and Preventive Measures
Medical care provided includes emergency contraception, pregnancy prevention, and testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Follow-up STI testing is recommended within one to two weeks for certain infections, and again after six to 12 weeks for others like syphilis and HIV.
Improvements in Forensic Practices
Forensic examinations have evolved significantly over the years. Previously, untrained hospital staff were responsible for collecting forensic samples, often leading to additional trauma for victim-survivors. Today, designated forensic and counseling staff ensure a patient-centered approach, making the process more supportive and less re-traumatizing.
Findings from Recent Research
A study conducted in New South Wales surveyed 291 patients over four years, with 75% reporting that the forensic examination was reassuring. Only 2% found the experience traumatizing, and 98% stated they would recommend a friend to seek medical forensic care if needed. Despite these positive outcomes, awareness of sexual assault services remains low, underscoring the need for better outreach and education.
Seeking Help and Support
Sexual assault services in Australia are free and accessible regardless of Medicare status. Victim-survivors can seek assistance by calling 1800 RESPECT (1800 737 732) or Full Stop Australia (1800 385 578) for immediate support and information about local services.
Disclaimer:
This article is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical or legal advice. If you or someone you know has experienced sexual assault, please seek professional assistance through the available support services.
