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U.S. health authorities are raising concerns over a surge in rare bacterial illnesses that can lead to meningitis and potentially fatal outcomes.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued a stark alert to doctors across the country on Thursday regarding a notable increase in cases of one type of invasive meningococcal disease, largely attributed to a specific strain of bacteria.
According to CDC data, there were 422 reported cases of this particular illness in the United States last year — the highest tally recorded since 2014. Alarmingly, 143 cases have already been reported this year, suggesting that infections are on a trajectory to surpass the numbers seen in 2023.
While most cases last year did not involve meningitis, at least 17 fatalities were recorded. The infections were notably more prevalent among adults aged 30 to 60, Black individuals, and those living with HIV, the CDC reported.
Meningococcal disease, caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis, can trigger a severe inflammation of the brain and spinal cord known as meningitis. Symptoms may include fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, a dark purple rash. Additionally, the bacteria can lead to a bloodstream infection characterized by symptoms such as chills, fatigue, cold extremities, rapid breathing, and diarrhea.
While antibiotics can effectively treat the infection, prompt medical attention is crucial. An estimated 10% to 15% of infected individuals succumb to the illness, and survivors may experience lasting complications like deafness or limb amputations. Vaccines against meningococcal disease are available and recommended.
Health officials emphasize the importance of vaccinating children with a meningococcal conjugate vaccine, typically administered around the time they enter middle school. As vaccine protection wanes over time, a booster shot is recommended at age 16. Additionally, individuals at higher risk, such as those in outbreak zones or individuals with HIV or certain underlying health conditions, should also receive vaccinations as advised.
The CDC’s alert underscores the urgent need for heightened awareness, vaccination efforts, and swift medical intervention to combat the rising threat posed by these rare bacterial illnesses.
