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New Research Highlights Cardiovascular Dangers Associated with Cannabis Consumption
A comprehensive analysis of over 430,000 adults in the United States has revealed a concerning association between cannabis use and an elevated risk of heart attack and stroke, regardless of other cardiovascular risk factors, according to a study published today in the Journal of the American Heart Association.
Conducted by researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, the study sheds light on the potential cardiovascular risks posed by cannabis, particularly through smoking, eating, or vaporizing it. Despite the illegal status of cannabis at the federal level, its use has surged in recent years, with 24 states and Washington, D.C., legalizing recreational cannabis.
Lead study author Abra Jeffers, Ph.D., emphasized the lack of awareness regarding the health risks of cannabis use, particularly its association with cardiovascular diseases. “Our findings challenge the perception of cannabis as harmless to health,” said Jeffers. “Smoking cannabis, the most common method of consumption, may pose additional risks due to the inhalation of particulate matter.”
The research team analyzed data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a national survey conducted annually by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, covering the period from 2016 to 2020. Their investigation revealed significant correlations between cannabis use and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
Key findings from the study include:
- Cannabis use, whether daily or non-daily, was independently associated with a higher risk of heart attack and stroke.
- Daily cannabis users exhibited a 25% increased risk of heart attack compared to non-users, while the odds of stroke were 42% higher for daily users.
- Among younger adults at risk for premature cardiovascular disease, cannabis use was linked to a 36% higher combined odds of coronary heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.
- Smoking cannabis, the predominant method of consumption, was reported by 73.8% of current cannabis users.
Dr. Robert L. Page II, chair of the volunteer writing group for the 2020 American Heart Association Scientific Statement on Medical Marijuana, stressed the importance of these findings for healthcare practitioners. “As cannabis use continues to grow in legality and access across the U.S., practitioners need to assess cannabis use at each patient encounter and have informed discussions about potential cardiovascular risks,” stated Dr. Page.
While the study provides critical insights into the risks associated with cannabis use, the authors acknowledge several limitations, including self-reported data and the absence of longitudinal health assessments. Further prospective cohort studies are warranted to better understand the long-term effects of cannabis on cardiovascular health.
As cannabis legalization expands, the study serves as a timely reminder of the importance of informed decision-making and risk assessment in promoting cardiovascular well-being.
