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Southeast Asia continues to confront a significant threat from dengue fever in 2025, with both Malaysia and Thailand reporting rising case numbers. Malaysia has seen a notable increase, confirming 122,423 dengue cases and 117 related fatalities in 2024—a 17% rise from the previous year. Meanwhile, Thailand remains a hotspot for the disease, with thousands of cases reported annually and January 2025 alone seeing 4,005 dengue cases and four deaths.
Thailand’s public health authorities have responded by intensifying vector control efforts—such as fumigation and public education on eliminating mosquito breeding sites—and launching a new dengue vaccine campaign. The country now offers two dengue vaccines, Dengvaxia® and Qdenga®, both of which have been licensed for local use but are not routinely recommended for travelers unless they are long-term residents or have a specific risk profile. Dengvaxia® is generally restricted to those with a prior dengue infection, while Qdenga® is newer, with broader eligibility but limited long-term safety data.
Malaysia, on the other hand, currently does not have any dengue vaccines available for public use, as Dengvaxia® is only approved for clinical trials and Qdenga® is still under regulatory review. The Malaysian Society of Infectious Diseases & Chemotherapy emphasizes that dengue vaccination should only be considered when the benefits outweigh the risks, particularly for individuals who have previously been infected.
Implications for Travelers
Travelers to both countries are advised to take stringent mosquito bite prevention measures, as dengue transmission is year-round and peaks during the rainy season (typically May to October). Symptoms include high fever, severe headache, joint and muscle pain, rash, and, in severe cases, hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. The risk is elevated in popular tourist destinations such as Bangkok, Chiang Mai, and Phuket in Thailand, and in regions like Bali in Indonesia, which is also experiencing a surge.
Health experts recommend that travelers consult with a healthcare provider before considering dengue vaccination, as the vaccines are not universally recommended for short-term visitors and have specific eligibility criteria. The best protection remains avoiding mosquito bites through the use of repellents, wearing long sleeves, and staying in accommodations with screens or air conditioning.
Disclaimer
This article provides general information about dengue fever and vaccine campaigns in Malaysia and Thailand. It is not intended as medical advice. Travelers should consult a healthcare professional or travel medicine specialist for personalized recommendations based on their health status, travel itinerary, and risk factors. The availability, suitability, and effectiveness of dengue vaccines may vary and should be discussed with a qualified provider.
