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PHILADELPHIA, PA – Despite recent detections of the H5N1 bird flu virus in raw milk samples across multiple states, a significant portion of the American public remains unaware of the potential health risks associated with consuming unpasteurized dairy products, according to a survey conducted by the Annenberg Public Policy Center (APPC) of the University of Pennsylvania.
The survey, conducted between January 30 and February 10, 2025, among over 1,700 U.S. adults, revealed that while 56% of adults recognize raw milk as less safe than pasteurized milk, a substantial 43% either believe it is equally safe, safer, or are unsure. Furthermore, 32% understand the increased risk of foodborne illness from raw milk, but 14% believe it has no effect, and 51% remain uncertain.
The survey also highlighted a significant knowledge gap regarding children’s vulnerability to pathogens in raw milk. A staggering 66% of respondents were unaware that children are more susceptible to illness from raw milk compared to adults.
“Consuming raw milk and raw milk products can make you sick and pasteurization reduces the risk of milk-borne illness,” said Patrick E. Jamieson, director of APPC’s Annenberg Health and Risk Communication Institute. “Looking for the pasteurization label before buying or consuming milk or milk products such as cheese is good practice.”
Bird Flu and Raw Milk
The detection of H5N1 bird flu in raw milk has further complicated the issue. As of March 10, 2025, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 70 confirmed human cases of H5 bird flu across 13 states, primarily linked to exposure to infected poultry or dairy herds. One death has been reported. Dairy herds in 17 states have detected the virus.
The survey found that 68% of respondents were unsure whether bird flu had been found in raw or pasteurized milk. Only 17% correctly identified that the virus has been detected only in raw milk. Additionally, 53% were unsure about the effect of raw milk consumption on the risk of contracting bird flu.
While the FDA has stated that pasteurization effectively inactivates the bird flu virus, the public’s understanding of this crucial safety measure remains limited.
Misconceptions and Regulations
The survey also addressed common misconceptions about the health benefits of raw milk. A significant portion of respondents were unsure about the validity of claims regarding raw milk’s effectiveness in preventing osteoporosis, curing lactose intolerance, reducing asthma symptoms, or enhancing the immune system.
Regarding government regulation, the survey revealed divided opinions. 24% favored the interstate sale of raw milk, while 28% opposed it. Opinions were similarly split on state-level sales, with 24% favoring unrestricted sales and 25% advocating for bans, except for on-farm sales.
Disclaimer:
- This news article is based on the provided survey data and information available as of the date of publication.
- The information presented is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical or public health advice.
- Consumers are encouraged to consult with healthcare professionals and refer to official sources such as the FDA and CDC for the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding raw milk safety and bird flu.
- The survey data represents the opinions and knowledge of the respondents and may not reflect the views of the entire U.S. population.
