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New Delhi, August 16:
A new milestone in polio prevention has been reported as novel live attenuated type 1 and 3 oral polio vaccines (nOPV1 and nOPV3) demonstrated strong safety and immunity results in a recent phase 1 randomized controlled trial.
Published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, the study revealed that both vaccine candidates, nOPV1 and nOPV3, were well-tolerated and triggered immune responses comparable to the established monovalent Sabin-strain oral vaccines (mOPV1 and mOPV3). The trial, conducted across four U.S. centers with 205 adult participants, involved subjects receiving either a single dose or two doses (spaced 28 days apart) of the novel or standard vaccines.
Researchers from the University of North Carolina and collaborators emphasized that nOPVs did not result in greater magnitude or duration of viral shedding compared to the Sabin-strain controls, an important safety benchmark. Notably, the study observed reduced viral shedding after the second vaccine dose, suggesting enhanced intestinal immunity.
The encouraging results of nOPV2’s global rollout against type 2 circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) bolster confidence that novel vaccines like nOPV1 and nOPV3 could play a vital role in future outbreak control, especially following the phased withdrawal of traditional Sabin-strain vaccines.
According to the researchers, these findings justify the advancement to phase 2 studies, now underway in children, infants, and neonates in target populations worldwide. If successful, nOPVs could significantly support the Global Polio Eradication Initiative’s strategy by offering vaccines less likely to be associated with vaccine-derived outbreaks and paralysis.
Disclaimer
This article summarizes recent research findings and is intended for informational purposes only. It does not substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Please consult a healthcare provider for advice about vaccines or any medical conditions.
Reference: “Novel live type 1, 3 oral polio vaccines show promise in phase 1 trial,” Ten News, August 16, 2025.
