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May 27, 2025 — A new study published in the journal Nutrients sheds light on the ongoing debate between the ketogenic (keto) and Mediterranean diets, revealing that both dietary approaches can effectively lower blood pressure and support weight loss in adults at increased cardiovascular risk.
Study Overview
Researchers conducted a three-month pilot study involving 26 non-diabetic adults with overweight or obesity and high-normal blood pressure or grade 1 hypertension. Participants were divided into two groups:
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Keto Group: 15 individuals followed a low-calorie, high-protein ketogenic diet, which is high in fat and protein but low in carbohydrates.
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Mediterranean Group: 11 individuals followed a low-calorie Mediterranean diet, rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, and unsaturated fats, and low in red meat, sodium, and alcohol.
Key Findings
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Weight Loss: Both groups saw significant weight reduction. The keto group’s average weight dropped from 98.6 kg to 87.3 kg, while the Mediterranean group’s average weight fell from 93.8 kg to 86 kg.
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Blood Pressure: Both diets led to notable decreases in blood pressure. Average systolic blood pressure (SBP) dropped by 9 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) fell from 79 mmHg to 73.7 mmHg.
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Body Composition: The proportion of fat-free mass increased in both groups, indicating improved body composition.
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Safety: Neither diet increased the risk of inflammation or kidney damage, and both were well-tolerated by participants.
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Nocturnal Dipping: More participants on the Mediterranean diet experienced “nocturnal dipping”—a healthy nighttime drop in blood pressure—compared to those on the keto diet.
Implications
The findings suggest that both the ketogenic and Mediterranean diets can be safe, effective, and flexible options for managing hypertension and supporting weight loss in overweight or obese adults. The study highlights the critical role of weight loss in reducing cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure.
However, the researchers note that pharmacological intervention may still be necessary if diet and lifestyle changes do not sufficiently control blood pressure.
Looking Ahead
While these results are promising, the study authors emphasize the need for larger, longer-term studies to confirm these findings and refine dietary recommendations for hypertension management.
Disclaimer:
This article is based on a pilot study with a small sample size. The information provided is for general knowledge and should not be considered medical advice. Individuals should consult healthcare professionals before making significant changes to their diet, especially those with existing health conditions. For more details, refer to the original study on News-Medical.net.
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