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New Delhi, April 28, 2025: In a significant development that could transform the lives of individuals with autism and intellectual disabilities, researchers at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) have developed a novel therapeutic approach aimed at increasing patient independence.
The JNCASR team, operating under the Department of Science and Technology (DST), highlighted that their approach differs fundamentally from existing treatments, which primarily focus on managing symptoms rather than addressing the underlying biological causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and related intellectual disabilities.
The research, led by Tapas K Kundu and James Clement, focused on the genetic underpinnings of these conditions. Their studies, conducted on mouse models, revealed a crucial link. “In mice carrying a mutation in the gene — closely resembling conditions observed in human autism cases — acetylation of DNA-associated proteins known as histones was found to be suppressed in the brain,” the research team explained. Histone acetylation is a process that affects how genes are expressed.
The scientists identified a specific epigenetic enzyme, KAT3B (also known as p300), as playing a central role in this process. Their innovative therapy aims to modulate this enzyme, thereby potentially correcting the neurological deficits caused by the gene mutation.
These findings are groundbreaking as they establish, for the first time, a direct connection between histone acetylation processes and autism. This discovery opens up an optimistic new avenue for developing treatments. “This research not only connects histone acetylation with autism but also brings forth a potential therapeutic strategy to reverse neurodevelopmental deficits,” the researchers stated.
The team at JNCASR believes that by targeting these epigenetic modifications, it might be possible to restore brain function to a degree that allows individuals affected by autism to lead more self-reliant lives. This breakthrough offers a significant ray of hope to countless families navigating the challenges of autism.
Disclaimer: The research described in this article is based on preclinical studies conducted in animal models (mice). While promising, significant further research, including extensive clinical trials in humans, is required to validate the safety and effectiveness of this potential therapy before it can be considered for patient use.
