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January 5, 2025
Amid the recent outbreak of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in China, an expert from the Indian Medical Association (IMA) reassured the public that the virus is not as severe or fatal as COVID-19. However, it may cause lung infections in certain individuals, particularly those with pre-existing conditions.
Dr. Rajeev Jayadevan, Chairman of the Kerala State IMA Research Cell, emphasized that HMPV is a common virus among young children. “Nearly 100 percent of children are infected with HMPV by the age of four or five,” he said in an interview with IANS.
Mild Symptoms for Most
HMPV typically causes mild respiratory symptoms such as cough, fever, nasal congestion, and shortness of breath. However, it can lead to bronchiolitis (lung infection), asthma exacerbations, and complications in individuals with underlying lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Adults with compromised immune systems are also more susceptible.
“The HMPV or Human Metapneumovirus is not a killer virus,” said Dr. Jayadevan. “It is not comparable to COVID-19 in terms of causing severe pneumonia or fatalities.”
A Long-Known Virus
First discovered in 2001, HMPV belongs to the Pneumoviridae family, along with the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), it is one of several viruses that can cause mild respiratory infections in young children, alongside common coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, RSV, and influenza viruses.
Dr. Jayadevan highlighted that while the outbreak in China may seem alarming, the situation is not unusual for winter months, particularly during severe winters. “HMPV is not a cause for concern beyond what is typical in every regular winter season,” he added.
No Vaccine or Antiviral Treatment
Currently, no vaccines or antiviral treatments are recommended for HMPV. Dr. Jayadevan stressed the importance of precautionary measures to minimize its spread:
- Frequent handwashing.
- Staying home when experiencing respiratory symptoms.
- Avoiding close contact with others while symptomatic.
The Broader Perspective
Dr. Jayadevan underscored that HMPV is part of a larger group of viruses known to affect children during the winter. However, for most, these infections remain mild and self-limiting. Public health efforts should focus on maintaining hygiene and protecting vulnerable populations.
As countries navigate the complexities of seasonal viruses, experts like Dr. Jayadevan continue to remind the public that not all outbreaks warrant panic. Awareness and preventative measures remain key in mitigating the impact of respiratory illnesses like HMPV.
