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New Delhi, Apr 14: A significant connection between the digestive system and brain function in children with autism has been highlighted in new research from the University of Southern California (USC). The study, published in the journal Nature Communications, suggests that imbalances in gut chemicals, known as metabolites, may directly influence brain signals and contribute to autism-related behavioural symptoms.
Researchers established a direct link showing how compounds originating in the gut can affect brain activity, which in turn may shape behaviours often associated with autism. “While previous research explored the gut microbiome and brain structure separately in autism, this study is significant because it connects them directly,” explained Dr. Lisa Aziz-Zadeh, the study’s lead author and a professor at USC’s Brain and Creativity Institute. “It demonstrates how changes in gut health might impact brain function and behaviour.”
The research team involved 84 children aged 8 to 17, comprising 43 diagnosed with autism and 41 neurotypical children serving as a control group. They collected stool samples to analyze gut metabolites, conducted brain scans (likely fMRI or similar) to observe activity patterns, and gathered behavioural data.
A key focus was the tryptophan metabolic pathway. This pathway is responsible for breaking down the essential amino acid tryptophan into various compounds, including serotonin. While widely known as a brain chemical crucial for regulating emotions, social interaction, and learning, serotonin is predominantly produced within the gut.
The analysis revealed that specific variations in gut metabolites among the children with autism correlated with distinct patterns of brain activity. These brain activity differences were, in turn, associated with observed behavioural traits such as repetitive behaviours and challenges with social engagement.
The findings also resonate with the common experience of gastrointestinal issues, like constipation and stomach discomfort, reported in many children with autism. Dr. Aziz-Zadeh noted that these digestive problems, often considered secondary symptoms, might play a more central role in the condition than previously understood.
This research strengthens the growing body of evidence supporting the “gut-brain axis” – the complex communication network linking the digestive system and the central nervous system – particularly in the context of neurodevelopmental disorders. The study offers hope for developing novel treatment strategies that target the gut microbiome as a way to positively influence brain function and ultimately improve behaviour and quality of life for individuals with autism.
Disclaimer: This article reports on findings from a single scientific study. It is intended for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Individuals seeking diagnosis, treatment, or medical guidance regarding autism or related conditions should consult with qualified healthcare professionals. Decisions about treatment should always be made in consultation with a doctor or other appropriate health expert.
