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A recent study published in The Lancet Psychiatry reveals that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects an estimated 61.8 million people worldwide, underscoring its significant global health burden. Conducted by Damian Santomauro, Ph.D., and colleagues from the University of Queensland in Archerfield, Australia, the research offers comprehensive insights into the prevalence and nonfatal impact of autism.
The study estimates a global age-standardized prevalence rate of 788.3 per 100,000 people in 2021, with males (1,064.7 per 100,000) being more frequently diagnosed than females (508.1 per 100,000). ASD accounted for approximately 11.5 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), a measure reflecting the overall burden of disability and disease. The highest age-standardized DALY rates were recorded in regions such as Southeast Asia, East Asia, Oceania, and high-income countries, ranging from 126.5 to 204.1 DALYs per 100,000 people.
The burden of autism is notable across all age groups but is particularly significant in young children. For children under the age of five, the DALY rate reached 169.2 per 100,000, reflecting the profound early-life impact of the condition. ASD ranks among the top 10 causes of nonfatal health burden in individuals under 20 years old, with the burden gradually declining with age.
In their conclusion, the authors highlight the importance of addressing the unique challenges faced by individuals on the autism spectrum. “We hope that this study provides a foundation for future research and policy interventions, so that key stakeholders work to ensure that the unique needs of all autistic people are met, contributing to a better, more inclusive, and more understanding future,” the researchers stated.
The study, which draws on data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study, aims to inform policymakers and healthcare providers about the pressing need for tailored interventions and resources. However, the authors also disclosed that several contributors have affiliations with the pharmaceutical industry.
Journal Reference
Damian F. Santomauro et al., “The global epidemiology and health burden of the autism spectrum: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021,” The Lancet Psychiatry (2024). DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(24)00363-8.
