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The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) conducted extensive testing of food samples across the country from 2022 to 2025, analyzing a total of 86,401 samples for pesticide residues. The government informed Parliament that 2.8 percent of these samples exceeded the prescribed Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for pesticides, indicating a small but notable presence of pesticide contamination beyond acceptable safety levels.
The FSSAI, through its regional offices and collaboration with State and Union Territory Food Safety authorities, undertakes continuous surveillance, monitoring, and inspection of various food categories. These activities include random sampling and targeted enforcement, particularly during festive and peak demand periods, to ensure compliance with the Food Safety and Standards (FSS) Act, 2006.
The MRLs, which define the permissible levels of pesticide residues in food commodities, are set by the FSSAI under the Food Safety and Standards (Contaminants, Toxins and Residues) Regulation, 2011, following thorough risk assessments. The FSSAI also runs the National Annual Surveillance Plan (NASP), conducting monthly nationwide surveillance drives assessing food commodities for pesticide compliance. When samples fail these checks, enforcement sampling and regulatory action against non-compliant food business operators are initiated.
Additionally, the Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare supports a project titled “Monitoring of Pesticide Residues at National Level” (MPRNL), wherein samples of vegetables, fruits, spices, cereals, pulses, herbs, fish, meat, eggs, tea, and milk from across India are tested by NABL-accredited laboratories to detect possible pesticide residues.
The government’s ongoing efforts reflect the commitment to ensure food safety and protect consumer health by minimizing pesticide contamination in the food supply chain. The relatively low percentage of samples exceeding limits underscores the effectiveness of surveillance but also highlights the need for continued vigilance and improved pesticide management practices.
Disclaimer: This article is based on data made public by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India and statements given in the Parliament. It summarizes the efforts and findings related to pesticide residue testing as reported by the government. The presence of pesticide residues above the MRL does not necessarily imply immediate health risk but indicates non-compliance that warrants regulatory action. Consumers are encouraged to follow safe food handling and preparation practices.
