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As respiratory viruses, including influenza, COVID-19, norovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), surge this winter, health experts are urging individuals—especially those with underlying heart conditions—to pay attention to the potential for serious heart complications. This warning comes from the cardiologists at Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, who are raising awareness during American Heart Month.
Symptoms commonly seen in viral infections, such as shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, or swelling, can mimic those of heart-related conditions, particularly in high-risk individuals. Dr. Johanna Contreras, a cardiologist at Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, highlights that patients often mistake these symptoms as mere signs of a cold, when in fact they could be indicators of heart failure, viral myocarditis, or even a heart attack.
“The risks are heightened for those with cardiovascular disease or risk factors, as viral infections can exacerbate pre-existing heart conditions,” says Dr. Contreras. “It’s important not to dismiss persistent symptoms like chest pain or shortness of breath—especially if they worsen.”
The surge in viral infections can trigger cardiovascular complications, such as inflammation and dehydration, leading to increased risk for heart attacks, irregular heartbeats, and even hospitalization. Mount Sinai cardiologists have reported an uptick in these complications, particularly among individuals with coronary artery disease or heart failure.
“Even individuals without previous heart conditions are vulnerable,” warns Dr. Icilma Fergus, Director of Cardiovascular Disparities at Mount Sinai. “A recent case involved a patient who presented with severe shortness of breath and chest pain, which was initially mistaken for flu symptoms. However, the patient was diagnosed with viral myocarditis, a serious heart condition.”
With heart disease being the leading cause of death in the United States, the need for vigilance has never been more pressing. Nearly half of adults, or over 121 million people, suffer from some form of cardiovascular disease. Experts urge individuals—especially those with risk factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, or diabetes—to be particularly aware of any changes in their health, as these may signal complications.
“Inflammatory responses from viral infections can damage heart tissue, worsening underlying conditions like atrial fibrillation or coronary artery disease,” explains Dr. Anuradha Lala, another cardiologist at Mount Sinai. “If you have a known heart condition or any risk factors, you should be cautious if your symptoms of a viral infection begin to escalate.”
Heart Disease: The Leading Cause of Death
Heart disease is responsible for more than 700,000 deaths annually in the U.S., with 80% of these cases being preventable. As a result, taking proactive steps to manage heart health is crucial.
Risk Factors for Heart Disease
While anyone can develop heart disease, certain factors increase susceptibility. These include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and family history. Age is also a factor, with menopausal women and men over 55 being at higher risk.
Certain ethnic groups, such as African American and Hispanic/Latino communities, may also face an increased risk of complications from untreated viral illnesses. However, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can lower the risk for cardiovascular disease in any population.
Tips for Reducing Heart Disease Risk
- Know Your Family History: Understanding your family’s heart health history can help identify potential risks.
- Monitor Key Health Numbers: Keep track of blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, body mass index (BMI), and glucose levels.
- Eat a Balanced Diet: Focus on nutrient-rich foods and reduce the consumption of sugars and processed foods.
- Limit Alcohol and Tobacco Use: Consume alcohol in moderation and avoid smoking or using e-cigarettes.
- Exercise Regularly: Physical activity helps to maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of heart disease.
- Manage Stress: Find ways to reduce stress and prioritize mental well-being.
- Learn the Warning Signs: Recognize signs of heart attacks and strokes, such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and lightheadedness.
For those at higher risk of heart disease, it’s crucial to be aware of how viral infections can trigger or mask serious cardiovascular events. If you experience symptoms like chest pain, dizziness, or shortness of breath, especially during or after a viral illness, seek immediate medical attention.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and does not substitute for medical advice. Please consult with your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations regarding heart health and treatment.
