0
0
As the world observes World Malaria Day on April 25th, experts have raised alarm about the significant risks posed by malaria during pregnancy to the brain development of babies. This year’s theme, “Accelerating the fight against malaria for a more equitable world,” underscores the urgent need to address the devastating impact of this mosquito-borne disease, particularly on vulnerable populations.
Dr. Sanjay Majumdar, a Consultant Paediatrician at Bhailal Amin General Hospital in Vadodara, emphasized the dangers posed by severe malaria infections, especially those caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite, during the first half of pregnancy. Such infections can lead to microcephaly and reduced uteroplacental blood flow, depriving the fetus of essential oxygen and nutrients, ultimately resulting in preterm birth, low birth weight, or even fetal death.
Even mild malaria infections during pregnancy carry the potential for long-term neurological consequences for newborns, including intrauterine growth retardation, hypoxic brain injury, seizures, and lower IQ. These issues are often attributed to the maternal inflammatory immune response affecting fetal brain development.
To address these risks, experts stress the importance of regular antenatal clinic visits for early detection and treatment. Testing for malaria should be promptly conducted if the mother exhibits symptoms such as fever or weakness. Dr. Majumdar emphasized the need for close monitoring of children’s development and academic achievements to identify and address potential deficits early on.
In India, where malaria remains a significant public health concern, with an estimated 15 million cases and thousands of deaths annually, awareness and prevention are crucial. Dr. Abhishek Gupta, a Consultant in Pediatrics and Pediatric Intensivist at Manipal Hospital Gurugram, emphasized that while malaria is deadly, it is preventable and curable. Symptoms can range from fever, chills, and headache to more severe manifestations like confusion, seizures, and difficulty breathing.
Dr. Gupta urged individuals to take preventive measures, such as avoiding mosquito bites, using mosquito nets while sleeping, applying mosquito repellents, and wearing protective clothing, especially in areas where malaria is prevalent. Early detection and treatment are paramount in halting the progression of mild cases and preventing further complications.
As the global community commemorates World Malaria Day, the call to action is clear: concerted efforts are needed to accelerate the fight against malaria, ensuring a more equitable world where all individuals, especially vulnerable populations like pregnant women and infants, are protected from the devastating effects of this disease.
