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Kolkata/New Delhi – Amidst recent reports of a woman in Kolkata testing positive for the Human Coronavirus HKU1, health experts have moved to quell concerns, clarifying that the virus is not new and poses a low risk of widespread infection.
HKU1, first identified in 2004 by researchers at Hong Kong University (hence its name), has been circulating for at least two decades.It is categorized among the coronaviruses that typically cause mild respiratory infections, similar to the common cold. Also known as Betacoronavirus hongkonense, it affects both humans and animals.
Dr. Rajeev Jayadevan, Chairman of the Scientific Committee, IMA Cochin, emphasized that HKU1 is distinct from COVID-19, which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. “HKU1 is one of several common cold-causing viruses that belong to the coronavirus group. It is not the same as COVID-19 and is not a new virus,” he told IANS.
Dr. Harshal R. Salve, Additional Professor at the Centre for Community Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, further explained that HKU1 is a subtype of coronavirus and does not represent a significant public health hazard. It is one of four common cold-causing coronaviruses, alongside NL63, OC43, and 229E. These differ significantly from the more severe coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV.
According to Dr. Jayadevan, HKU1 usually leads to mild symptoms such as a runny nose, sore throat, cough, and fever. However, it can cause pneumonia in vulnerable individuals with underlying health conditions. Studies suggest that most children contract HKU1 by the age of 3-4 years. “Most children get exposed to these viruses while growing up. But immunity against coronaviruses is not long-lasting, which means repeated infections are common,” he added.
A 2021 study published in the Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology by Sir Ganga Ram Hospital reported that HKU1, along with other common cold coronaviruses, accounted for 4.3% of infections among a group of 250 children.
The recent case in India involves a 45-year-old woman from Garia, Kolkata, who has been experiencing fever, cough, and cold for 15 days. Doctors have confirmed that her condition is stable.
Dr. Jayadevan also addressed the apparent lack of previous detections, stating, “Since the virus is not commonly tested for, it is meaningless to say it wasn’t found in India.”
HKU1 spreads primarily through contact and airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing. Experts recommend practicing good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing with soap and water, especially after returning from public places.
Dr. Salve stressed the importance of maintaining a robust surveillance system to monitor and respond to emerging infections.
Disclaimer: This article provides information based on expert opinions and available data at the time of publication. Medical information is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
