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June 7, 2025 – The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has issued a warning regarding a rare but potentially serious eye condition associated with the use of Novo Nordisk’s widely prescribed drugs, Ozempic and Wegovy. Both medications contain semaglutide, a compound commonly used for weight loss and the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Rare Eye Condition Linked to Semaglutide
The EMA’s safety committee has identified a link between semaglutide and a rare eye disorder known as non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). This condition, which can cause sudden and painless vision loss in one eye, is triggered by insufficient blood flow to the optic nerve. NAION is the second leading cause of blindness due to optic nerve damage, following glaucoma.
According to the EMA, the risk of developing NAION may affect up to 1 in 10,000 patients using semaglutide-based drugs. The agency’s review, which began in December, found that the risk of NAION is approximately twice as high in patients taking semaglutide compared to those not on the medication.
Evidence and Recommendations
The EMA’s conclusions are based on a comprehensive review of available data, including non-clinical studies, clinical trials, and post-marketing surveillance. A large-scale study involving nearly 350,000 diabetic patients earlier this year also indicated that long-term use of semaglutide more than doubled the risk of developing NAION compared to other diabetes medications.
As a result, the EMA has recommended that Novo Nordisk update the safety information for all semaglutide-containing products, listing NAION as a “very rare” side effect.
What Patients Should Know
Semaglutide belongs to a class of drugs known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, which help control blood sugar levels and promote a feeling of fullness. While these medications have proven effective for weight management and diabetes control, patients are advised to be aware of the potential risk and to seek immediate medical attention if they experience sudden vision loss.
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not yet commented on the EMA’s findings.
Disclaimer:
This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Patients should consult their healthcare provider before making any changes to their medication or if they have concerns about possible side effects.
