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June 7, 2025
A group of little-known bat viruses in China may be dangerously close to acquiring the ability to infect humans, raising alarms among virologists about the potential for another pandemic. According to a new study published in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Communications, researchers in the United States have found that these viruses—closely related to the deadly Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)—might need only a tiny genetic change to pose a serious threat to human health.
Viruses on the Brink
The viruses in question belong to a lesser-known subgroup of coronaviruses called merbecoviruses. This group includes MERS-CoV, which was first detected in 2012 and is known for causing severe respiratory illness with a high fatality rate of around 34%. Unlike the more widespread SARS-CoV-2, which caused the COVID-19 pandemic, MERS outbreaks have been relatively contained but are significantly more lethal, especially in hospital settings.
Now, scientists from Washington State University, Caltech, and the University of North Carolina are warning that a specific cluster within the merbecovirus family may be approaching a critical threshold. Their research focused on a subgroup known as the HKU5 viruses—a lineage of bat coronaviruses that has largely escaped global surveillance and virological research.
A Single Step Away
The findings have triggered concern among experts. “HKU5 viruses haven’t been studied much, but our research shows they have the machinery to infect cells. In fact, they might be only a single step away from being able to infect humans,” said Dr. Michael Letko, a virologist and lead author of the study.
The study highlights the importance of monitoring these viruses closely, as even a minor genetic mutation could enable them to jump from bats to humans, potentially sparking a new health crisis. Researchers are urging increased surveillance and further study of merbecoviruses to better understand their potential risks.
Global Health Implications
The warning comes as the world continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic and underscores the ongoing threat posed by zoonotic viruses—those that can jump from animals to humans. Experts stress the need for international collaboration, enhanced virus tracking, and investment in research to prevent future pandemics.
Disclaimer:
This article is based on recent scientific findings and expert opinions reported by Moneycontrol and the referenced study in Nature Communications. The situation is evolving, and further research is required to fully understand the risks posed by these bat viruses. The information provided is for general awareness and should not be interpreted as an immediate public health threat. For the latest updates and guidance, please consult official health authorities.
