0
0
In a promising development for families with furry friends, new research suggests that early exposure to pet dogs may reduce the risk of developing atopic eczema in children who are genetically predisposed to the condition. Atopic eczema, a chronic skin disorder characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin, is known to result from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. However, the precise mechanisms behind these interactions have remained unclear—until now.
The study, published in the journal Allergy, was led by Sara J. Brown from the University of Edinburgh. The research team analyzed data from 16 European studies, encompassing over 25,000 individuals, to investigate how 24 significant eczema-associated genetic variants interact with 18 early-life environmental factors. Their findings were further tested on an additional 10 studies, involving more than 250,000 participants, and supported by laboratory modeling.
The results revealed that dog ownership in early childhood interacted with a specific genetic risk variant located on chromosome 5, near the gene responsible for the interleukin-7 receptor—a protein crucial for immune cell function. Laboratory tests demonstrated that this genetic variant influences the expression of interleukin-7 receptors in human skin cells. Importantly, exposure to dogs appeared to modify the effect of this variant, suppressing skin inflammation and providing a protective effect against eczema.
“We know that genetic make-up affects a child’s risk of developing eczema and previous studies have shown that owning a pet dog may be protective, but this is the first study to show how this may occur at a molecular level,” said Dr. Brown. “More work is needed, but our findings mean we have a chance to intervene in the rise of allergic disease, to protect future generations.”
The study also examined other environmental factors, such as antibiotic use, cat ownership, breastfeeding, elder siblings, smoking, and washing practices, but dog ownership showed the most significant interaction with genetic risk.
However, experts caution that the findings do not suggest introducing a dog to treat existing eczema, as it may worsen symptoms for some children. The research focused solely on prevention in genetically susceptible children, not on treatment.
Disclaimer:
This article is based on a third-party syndicated feed. The information provided is for general informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional regarding any medical condition or before making decisions about pet ownership and health. Mid-day and its management accept no responsibility or liability for the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of the information provided. Content may be altered or removed at the discretion of mid-day.com.
