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In a recent study published in the journal Diabetologia, researchers reveal that achieving remission from type 2 diabetes through lifestyle interventions is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. The findings underscore the importance of sustained remission for long-term health benefits.
The study, a post hoc analysis of the Look AHEAD trial, involved 5,145 adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. Participants were divided into two groups: one receiving lifestyle interventions focused on exercise, healthy eating, and weight loss, and the other receiving diabetes education and support. The analysis aimed to explore the impact of achieving diabetes remission on cardiovascular and kidney health.
The lifestyle intervention group attended sessions promoting sustained weight loss through healthy habits, while the other group received general diabetes education and support. The researchers identified participants who achieved diabetes remission, defined as taking no diabetes medications and maintaining a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level below 6.5%.
The results revealed that individuals who achieved diabetes remission experienced a 33% lower rate of chronic kidney disease and a 40% lower rate of cardiovascular disease. Notably, those who maintained remission for at least four years demonstrated a 55% lower risk of chronic kidney disease and a 49% lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
Despite the positive outcomes associated with diabetes remission, the study highlighted the challenges of sustaining long-term remission through lifestyle changes alone. Only 11% of participants in the lifestyle intervention group achieved remission at one year, and this percentage decreased to 4% by the eighth year of the study.
Experts emphasize that while lifestyle changes, including weight loss, exercise, and a healthier diet, contribute to diabetes remission and improved cardiovascular risk factors, maintaining these habits can be challenging. The study suggests that combining lifestyle changes with other interventions, such as surgery or medications, may offer more durable effects.
In conclusion, the research emphasizes the potential benefits of achieving and maintaining diabetes remission for reducing the risk of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. It highlights the need for sustained lifestyle changes and additional interventions to ensure long-term health benefits in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
