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A new study conducted by researchers at George Washington University highlights a growing public health concern associated with long-term cannabis use. The study examines the burden of disease and risk factors for severity among individuals suffering from cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), a condition linked to chronic cannabis consumption. CHS is characterized by nausea, uncontrollable vomiting, and severe pain in recurring cycles, often leading to repeated hospital visits.
Key Findings of the Study
The study, led by Andrew Meltzer, professor of emergency medicine at the GW School of Medicine & Health Sciences, analyzed data from 1,052 individuals who reported experiencing CHS. The results revealed alarming statistics about the frequency of hospital visits and cannabis usage among those affected:
- 85% of respondents had visited the emergency department at least once due to CHS-related symptoms.
- 44% reported at least one hospitalization linked to the syndrome.
- Early cannabis use was associated with higher odds of emergency room visits.
- Daily cannabis use before CHS onset was nearly universal, with over 40% reporting marijuana use more than five times a day.
- 44% had been using cannabis for more than five years before developing symptoms.
“This is one of the first large-scale studies to investigate the disease burden associated with this cannabis-related syndrome,” said Meltzer. “Our findings suggest that CHS could be a costly and largely underrecognized public health issue.”
The Growing Burden of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome
While the exact prevalence of CHS remains uncertain, experts suggest that cases are increasing alongside rising daily cannabis use in the United States. The condition presents a significant challenge for healthcare providers, as emergency room treatments can stabilize patients temporarily but do not address the underlying cause. According to Meltzer, the only known long-term solution for CHS is to discontinue cannabis use.
Despite cannabis being widely recognized for its anti-nausea properties—particularly in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy—its role in triggering nausea and vomiting in certain individuals remains unclear. The study emphasizes the need for further research to understand why prolonged cannabis exposure leads to CHS in some users while others remain unaffected.
Meltzer stresses the importance of physician awareness and patient education. “Many individuals suffering from CHS do not realize that their symptoms are linked to cannabis use,” he noted. “Healthcare professionals should inform frequent cannabis users of the risks and provide resources to help them quit.”
The study, titled Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome is Associated with High Disease Burden: An Internet-based Survey, was published in the Annals of Emergency Medicine on February 20, 2025.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Individuals experiencing symptoms related to CHS should consult a healthcare professional for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
