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Researchers at the University of Arizona Cancer Center have identified a potential new treatment for Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but highly aggressive form of skin cancer. Their study, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, reveals that pyrvinium pamoate—a drug originally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1955 for treating pinworm infections—can inhibit the growth of MCC cancer cells and reverse their neuroendocrine characteristics in laboratory models.
Merkel cell carcinoma is known for its rapid progression and high mortality rate, being three to five times more likely to be fatal than melanoma. Current treatment options, including surgery, radiation, and immunotherapy, often yield limited response rates, highlighting the urgent need for more effective therapies.
The research team discovered that pyrvinium pamoate targets the Wnt signaling pathway, a molecular mechanism implicated in the transformation of normal cells into cancerous MCC cells. By inhibiting this pathway, the drug was able to reduce tumor growth in mouse models and suppress cancer cell proliferation in vitro.
Senior author Dr. Megha Padi explained the rationale behind repurposing an antiparasitic drug for cancer treatment: “Parasites and tumors both rely on hijacking host resources to survive and multiply. If they share similar metabolic pathways, drugs effective against parasites might also combat tumors.” This hypothesis underpins the promising antitumor effects observed with pyrvinium pamoate1.
While pyrvinium pamoate has previously demonstrated antitumor potential in other cancers such as breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and bladder cancers, this is the first study to explore its effects on Merkel cell carcinoma.
The researchers caution that further studies are necessary to optimize dosing and treatment protocols before pyrvinium pamoate can be considered a clinically viable option for MCC patients. Nonetheless, this discovery opens a new avenue for developing treatments against this deadly cancer.
Disclaimer: This article summarizes recent scientific research findings and is not intended as medical advice. Pyrvinium pamoate is not currently approved for cancer treatment. Patients should consult qualified healthcare professionals before considering any changes to their treatment plans. Further clinical trials are required to confirm the safety and efficacy of this drug for Merkel cell carcinoma.
