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Regular use of alcohol-based mouthwashes could negatively impact the oral microbiome, increasing the risk of periodontal diseases and certain cancers, according to a recent study published in the Journal of Medical Microbiology.
The oral microbiome, a community of bacteria in the mouth, plays a crucial role in digestion and overall oral health. Disrupting this delicate balance can have serious health consequences.
Researchers from the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM) in Antwerp, Belgium, conducted the study, which included men who have sex with men and regularly use mouthwash to reduce the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. Over three months of daily use, the study found a significant increase in two species of opportunistic bacteria: Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus anginosus. These bacteria are associated with higher risks of gum disease, as well as esophageal and colorectal cancers.
In addition to the rise in harmful bacteria, the study also observed a decrease in Actinobacteria, a group of bacteria vital for regulating blood pressure. This shift in the microbiome underscores the potential dangers of routine, unsupervised use of alcohol-based mouthwashes.
“Alcohol-based mouthwashes are widely available. The public may use them daily to tackle bad breath or prevent periodontitis, but they should be aware of the potential implications. Ideally, long-term usage should be guided by healthcare professionals,” cautioned Dr. Jolein Laumen from ITM’s Unit of Sexually Transmitted Infections.
The study’s findings highlight the need for greater awareness and caution regarding the use of alcohol-based mouthwashes. The researchers have called for larger studies to further establish the risks and provide clearer guidelines for safe use.
