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A systematic review and meta-analysis led by Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Sílvia Rocha-Rodrigues, and a team of researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of combined aerobic exercise and diet (AEDT) on various indicators of cardiometabolic health in individuals diagnosed with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The study, which included data from 20 selected studies encompassing 1,192 participants, systematically analyzed several databases to assess the impact of AEDT compared to standard treatment (ST). The results, published in a peer-reviewed journal, indicated notable improvements in various health markers among individuals undergoing AEDT.
Significant enhancements were observed in body mass index, body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic), cholesterol levels (total cholesterol and triglycerides), fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin, as well as the levels of leptin, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin. These improvements were found to be statistically significant compared to the standard treatment group.
However, no significant differences were noted in certain parameters like fat mass, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha between the AEDT and ST groups.
The researchers highlighted the potential significance of AEDT as a comprehensive approach to improving cardiometabolic health in individuals dealing with obesity and T2DM. They suggested that this combined intervention could play a crucial role as an alternative or complementary treatment strategy, akin to contemporary anti-obesity medications. Nonetheless, the study also emphasized the necessity for more robust evidence to ascertain the effectiveness of AEDT in mitigating cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in this population.
The team disclosed no conflicts of interest in conducting this research, indicating a focus on objective analysis in assessing the impact of AEDT on cardiometabolic health in obesity and T2DM patients.
