0
0
Bengaluru, August 13 – A recent study by researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) has issued a serious warning, indicating that the H5N1 bird flu virus is undergoing mutations that could significantly increase its ability to infect humans. The findings, led by Dr. Kesavardhana Sannula, Assistant Professor in the Department of Biochemistry, highlight that the current circulating 2.3.4.4b clade of H5N1 has acquired genetic changes that are linked to higher potential for human adaptation.
According to Ranjana Nataraj, a Project Associate and the study’s first author, the detected mutations bear a resemblance to those found in past pandemic influenza strains, signaling a growing risk. The research team also made a key discovery: virus strains that have adapted to certain animal species, like foxes, demonstrate a greater potential for human infection compared to those that have adapted to cattle.
First detected in birds three decades ago, the H5N1 virus utilizes its H5 haemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase proteins to enter and spread within host cells. While it has caused sporadic human infections over the years, the new study suggests an escalating danger.
By analyzing over 43,000 viral protein sequences from various hosts—including birds, mammals, and humans—the IISc researchers identified rapid genetic changes in crucial viral components such as the polymerase complex, nucleoproteins, and haemagglutinin proteins. These components are essential for the virus’s adaptation to new hosts. The 2.3.4.4b clade is already known for its ability to infect across multiple species and has led to unprecedented mortality in bird and mammal populations.
With evidence of the virus adapting to non-human mammals, experts are concerned that the threat to humans could intensify. The researchers have urged for enhanced and proactive surveillance measures to effectively track and contain potential outbreaks before the virus can fully adapt to human-to-human transmission.
Disclaimer: This news article is for informational purposes only and is based on a research study. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of a qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
Reference: Daijiworld.com
