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A recent groundbreaking study by researchers at Fudan University has unveiled alarming evidence of high levels of polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in maternal and infant sera and breast milk, indicating significant placental transfer of these persistent chemicals. Published on May 8, 2024, in Eco-Environment & Health, this research highlights the pressing need for stringent regulations to protect infants from exposure to these “forever chemicals.”
PFAS, known for their hydrophobic and oleophobic properties and stability, are extensively used in consumer goods production. However, their persistence in the environment and bioaccumulation in living organisms have sparked concerns about potential health effects. Previous studies have linked PFAS exposure to various adverse outcomes, including developmental issues in children. This study represents a major advance in our comprehension of environmental pollutants and their effects on the most susceptible groups.
Methodology and Key Findings
The research team from the School of Public Health at Fudan University meticulously analyzed the transfer mechanisms and impacts of these persistent chemicals. Employing high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, the study analyzed 16 types of PFAS in 1,076 mother-child pairs. It revealed the detection rates and median concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and 6:2 Cl-PFESA, with PFOS most prevalent in maternal serum. Notably, the placental transfer efficiency of PFAS was higher than breastfeeding transfer, suggesting that these chemicals are more likely to cross the placenta and accumulate in the fetus. Additionally, the research utilized molecular docking to simulate the binding of PFAS to transport proteins, potentially influencing their distribution and transport within the body.
Lead author Ms. Yaqi Xu emphasized the significance of the findings: “Our findings are crucial for developing strategies to protect infants from the potentially harmful effects of PFAS exposure. Understanding the pathways and risks associated with these chemicals can lead to better regulatory policies and protective measures for the most susceptible among us.”
Implications for Public Health and Policy
The implications of this research are profound, particularly for public health policies and infant safety. By identifying specific PFAS compounds more likely to transfer through the placenta and into breast milk, preventive measures can be more effectively targeted. Moreover, the study’s findings could influence future guidelines on the use of PFAS-containing products by pregnant women and nursing mothers.
This research underscores the urgent need for tighter PFAS regulations and further investigation into their environmental and health effects. The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key Research and Development Program of China, highlighting the importance of continued funding for such critical research endeavors.
Reference: “Early-life exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Analysis of levels, health risk and binding abilities to transport proteins” by Yaqi Xu, Xinyao Sui, Jinhong Li, Liyi Zhang, Pengpeng Wang, Yang Liu, Huijing Shi, and Yunhui Zhang, 8 May 2024, Eco-Environment & Health. DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2024.04.007
