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A recent study published in Neurotoxicology and Teratology has raised new concerns about the use of acetaminophen during pregnancy. The research, conducted by the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign as part of the Illinois Kids Development Study, reveals a potential link between increased acetaminophen use, particularly during the second trimester, and heightened attention and behavior issues in toddlers aged 2 to 4 years old.
Traditionally considered a safe pain reliever and fever reducer during pregnancy, acetaminophen has been widely recommended for managing discomfort. However, the findings from this study suggest that frequent use of the drug may have unintended effects on children’s behavior, particularly in the early developmental years.
This study differs from previous research in its methodology. While past studies typically surveyed pregnant participants about their acetaminophen use at the start and end of each trimester, this new study tracked drug use more frequently—six times throughout pregnancy, every four to six weeks. This allowed for a more detailed and accurate assessment of the timing and intensity of acetaminophen exposure.
The researchers followed hundreds of children, collecting data on prenatal chemical exposures and evaluating the children’s behavior and attention at ages 2, 3, and 4 through caregiver assessments. The study found that, while the link does not suggest a definitive connection to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), children whose mothers used acetaminophen during pregnancy displayed more challenges with attention and behavior compared to those who had not been exposed to the drug in utero.
While the findings do not establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship, the study adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that acetaminophen use during pregnancy may influence a child’s developmental trajectory. These results highlight the importance of further research to better understand the potential risks of commonly used medications during pregnancy and the impact they may have on long-term child development.
Expecting mothers are encouraged to consult with their healthcare providers before taking any medication during pregnancy, particularly for extended periods, as more information becomes available on the safety of acetaminophen.
