0
0
Researchers from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have found that abortion bans in the U.S. have led to increased birth rates and infant mortality. Two studies, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), analyzed national birth and death data from 2012 to 2023 and identified significant public health impacts linked to these restrictive policies.
Rising Birth Rates Following Abortion Bans
The study, US Abortion Bans and Fertility, examined birth certificate data from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Using a Bayesian panel data model, researchers analyzed state-specific fertility changes across various demographics.
Findings show that in 14 states with abortion bans, the fertility rate increased by an average of 1.01 births per 1,000 reproductive-aged females, resulting in 22,180 excess births. Notably, birth rates rose most significantly among racial minorities (~2%), Medicaid beneficiaries (2.41%), unmarried individuals (1.79%), and individuals without college degrees (up to 2.36%).
State-specific increases were most pronounced in Texas (2.32%), Kentucky (1.41%), and Mississippi (1.35%), with Southern states experiencing nearly double the fertility increase compared to non-Southern states.
Infant Mortality on the Rise
A second study, US Abortion Bans and Infant Mortality, analyzed national birth and death certificate data to assess the impact of abortion restrictions on infant survival rates.
The results indicate that in states with complete or six-week abortion bans, the infant mortality rate increased by 5.60%—from an expected 5.93 deaths per 1,000 live births to an observed 6.26 deaths. This equates to approximately 478 excess infant deaths.
Texas, in particular, saw an observed infant mortality rate of 5.79 per 1,000 live births, up from an expected 5.30. Black infants experienced a disproportionate impact, with their mortality rate increasing by 10.98% (11.81 observed vs. 10.66 expected per 1,000 live births), leading to 265 excess deaths.
Health Disparities and Public Policy Implications
The research highlights stark disparities in maternal and infant health outcomes. The increase in births and infant mortality disproportionately affects those with lower socioeconomic status, racial minorities, and Medicaid recipients—populations already at heightened risk for adverse health outcomes.
The studies align with prior research, including the Turnaway Study, which links abortion denial to negative financial, social, and health consequences. Experts, including Dr. Alyssa Bilinski of Brown University, stress the need for policy interventions such as Medicaid expansion, parental leave, and improved access to childcare to mitigate the impact of abortion restrictions.
Future Considerations
As debates over abortion policy continue, researchers emphasize the importance of long-term studies to assess the broader impact on maternal and child health, access to care, and social outcomes. While the legal landscape remains contentious, public health experts advocate for bipartisan efforts to support affected families and reduce health disparities.
Disclaimer:
This article is based on academic studies and does not constitute medical or legal advice. The findings reflect statistical trends and should not be interpreted as individual medical recommendations. Readers are encouraged to consult relevant experts for personal guidance on reproductive health and policy implications.
