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A new study from the University of Surrey has uncovered a growing “silent emergency” in public health, revealing a stark divide between wealthier and poorer older adults in their ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The research, published in the Journal of Public Health, highlights the significant impact of economic status on physical activity, dietary habits, and mental health among adults over 50.
Key Findings: A Widening Gap in Health
The study analyzed data from over 3,000 adults aged 50 to 90, sourced from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA). The results showed that while nearly 70% of older adults engaged in some form of physical activity, individuals in the highest wealth quintile were almost twice as likely to be physically active compared to those in the lowest quintile.
Similarly, adherence to the “5-a-day” fruit and vegetable dietary guidelines also varied significantly. Over 70% of individuals in the highest wealth bracket followed the dietary recommendation, whereas only around 40% in the lowest wealth bracket did so.
Depression and Health Disparities
The study also found a troubling connection between socioeconomic status and depression. According to the findings, older adults in the lowest wealth quintile were nearly three times more likely to experience depression (32.6%) compared to those in the highest wealth bracket (11.1%).
Lead author Dr. Simon Evans from the University of Surrey stressed the urgency of the issue: “There is a silent emergency brewing in our country—for older people, being in a lower wealth bracket might be a bigger barrier to good health than age itself. Our research shows that poorer older adults are at a significantly higher risk of depression and far less likely to meet government health guidelines. Urgent action is needed to address these disparities before it’s too late.”
The study further revealed that physical activity played a crucial role in mental health, with 30% of inactive individuals experiencing depression compared to just 13.7% of those who engaged in regular exercise. Similarly, those who met the “5-a-day” dietary guidelines had lower rates of depression (15.7%) compared to those who did not (23.4%).
A Call for Policy Change
The findings suggest an urgent need for targeted interventions to promote healthier lifestyles among lower-income older adults. Public health initiatives that improve access to nutritious food and create more opportunities for physical activity in disadvantaged communities could help bridge this growing health gap.
Reference
Simon L. Evans, Health-related behaviours and depression incidence amongst UK adults aged 50+: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, Journal of Public Health (2025). DOI: 10.1007/s10389-025-02411-6
Disclaimer
This article is based on academic research and is for informational purposes only. It does not constitute medical or professional advice. Readers should consult healthcare professionals for personal health concerns.
