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Chronic pain remains a pressing global health challenge, with existing treatment options often limited by side effects, risk of addiction, and diminishing effectiveness over time. In a groundbreaking study, Yale researchers have identified alternative compounds derived from cannabis that could offer therapeutic benefits without the mind-altering effects associated with the drug.
The study, published on January 21 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights the potential of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN)—three cannabinoids that interact with pain-signaling proteins in the peripheral nervous system. These compounds were shown to reduce the activity of a protein called Nav1.8, which plays a central role in transmitting pain signals.
“These findings open new avenues for the development of cannabinoid-based therapies,” said Mohammad-Reza Ghovanloo, lead author of the study and an associate research scientist in Yale School of Medicine’s Department of Neurology. “Our results show that CBG, in particular, has the strongest potential to provide effective pain relief without the risks associated with traditional treatments.”
Current pain management strategies often rely on opioids, a class of drugs that carry a high risk of addiction. The ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States has led to over 80,000 overdose-related deaths annually. As researchers seek safer alternatives, cannabinoids such as CBD, CBG, and CBN may provide effective pain relief with fewer risks.
The study found that these cannabinoids interact with the Nav1.8 protein, a key component in sensory neurons responsible for transmitting pain signals to the brain. By blocking Nav1.8, the cannabinoids muted pain signals in rodent sensory neurons. Among the three, CBG demonstrated the strongest inhibition of Nav1.8 activity, suggesting it could be the most promising candidate for future pain treatments.
“This research builds on the growing interest in the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids, highlighting their role in addressing chronic pain conditions such as neuropathic pain, arthritis, and inflammatory disorders,” said Dr. Stephen G. Waxman, senior author of the study and the Bridget M. Flaherty Professor of Neurology at Yale School of Medicine. “By focusing on Nav1.8 as a therapeutic target, the study paves the way for the development of innovative, cannabinoid-based pain treatments.”
The findings contribute to the expanding body of research on cannabinoids and their potential applications in medicine. As scientists continue to explore these compounds, cannabinoid-based therapies may provide a safer, non-addictive alternative for individuals suffering from chronic pain.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. The research is still in its early stages, and further studies, including clinical trials, are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of cannabinoid-based pain treatments. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making any changes to your pain management regimen.
